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DeutschProsthodontic treatments may show variety according to individual needs of each patient. Dental prosthesis are used for not only to fix the shape and form deformities of teeth, rehabilitate the missing teeth, arrangement of occlusion and complete the oral functions, but also they are used for improving aesthetic images of the patients. There are two types of dental prosthesis; fixed dentures and removable dentures.
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Fixed Dentures
Fixed dentures are implemented in the deficiency of one or more teeth by receiving support from the existing teeth. They are fixed with a special cement to the teeth by dentist and they cannot be removed by the patients.
Classification of Fixed Dentures:
Crowns
- A dental crown is a cap placed over the top of a tooth. Crowns are used for restoring the original shape, color and function of a tooth that has been damaged by caries or trauma and lost its integrity.
Bridges
- Bridges are used frequently to rehabilitate missing teeth. They ‘bridge’ the gap between the missing teeth and usually supported by the remaining teeth on each side. After preparation of the healthy teeth on either side of the gap, bridges are cemented to these teeth by a special cement.
Implant supported fixed dentures
- Dental implants are long-term tooth replacement option that can look, feel and function just like a natural tooth, and today they are preferred by the patients very commonly. Dental implants are made of biocompatible titanium materials that are anchored to jawbones by a small surgery. Once it connects to the jawbone by a special bond (usually takes about 2-4 months), fixed dentures known as abudments are placed over the top of the implants.
Materials of Fixed Dentures;
Porcelain Fused Metal
- Porcelain fused metal dentures are the most commonly used dentures for many years. Because they have a metal infrastructure and they cannot reflect the light, they do not have the advantages of zirconium and empress porcelains aesthetically. However they can be preferred as they have more solid fit and they are an inexpensive solution compared to zirconium and empress porcelains.
Full metal
- Because of unaesthetic results of full metal crowns, they are not preferrable anymore.
Zirconium supported porcelain
- Instead of metal infrastructure this materials use zirconium infrastructure that has a white color so they can reflect the light and they can mimick the natural tooth aesthetically. Zirconium supported porcelains have also a good and healthy adaptation to the gums.
Empress
- It is the porcelain that is obtained without using metal infrastructure, by heating glass ceramic on ceramic nucleus with crystal structure that is compressed under pressure, the durability of which is improved. All of it is composed of ceramics. They imitate transparency and light reflection just like a natural tooth. They can be used on anterior teeth for aesthetic results or again on anterior region to restore only one missing tooth.
Laminate Veneer
- A veneer is a new front surface for a tooth, custom made from porcelain. Veneers are extremely versatile and can be used to align crowding or protruding teeth, close gaps or lighten tooth colour. The strength and appearance of dental porcelain veneers rivals that of natural teeth and they’re used to make long lasting changes to the smile. Laminate veneers consist of a thin, strong layer of restorative material which is placed on the surface of a tooth. These can be applied to improve a tooth’s appearance, or protect its damaged surface from further wear and tear. This range of products is suitable for a wide range of patients, from young to old, and can help to improve the appearance and functionality of almost any smile.
Care of Fixed Dentures;
Just like natural teeth fixed dentures are need to be brushed and flossed with hygenic manner meticulously for the health of the gums and oral hygiene. Regardless fixed dentures are tissue-friendly they are foreign materials and they need to be taken care of very carefully so that patients can protect not only their dentures but also their natural teeth as well.
Removable Dentures
Dentures are removable solutions for replacing missing teeth. Dentures can be a solution if patients are fully ‘edentulous’, and also they are a cost-effective option for replacing one or more teeth. They have both teeth support from the teeth on either side of the gap and gum/jawbone tissue support from the edentulous area.
Classification of Removable Dentures;
Complete Dentures
- Complete dentures are used for rehabilitation of fully edentulous patients. These dentures use suction or various types of adhesive to remain in position.
Partial Dentures
- Partial dentures are used for rehabilitation of missing one or more teeth, when bridges cannot be implemented because of the remaining teeth support is insufficient. They are ‘clipped’ to the remaining adjacent teeth with clasps, they can be removed by the patients easily and also they are very cost effective solutions.
Precision Attachments
- Precision Attachments are special attachments used for the perfect fit of removable partial dentures. The attachment prosthesis consists a combination of permanently fixed and removable denture. (semi fixed denture). It is a passive retention mechanism by which the abutment teeth are not exposed to excessive forces.
Immediate Dentures
- They are used for rehabilitation of the occlusion temporarily.
Care of Removable Dentures;
Dentures should be handled with great care. To avoid accidentally dropping them, they should be cleaned in a full sink of water with a soft brush and soap. Like natural teeth, dentures must be brushed daily to remove food and plaque. Dentures need to be kept moist when not being worn so they do not dry out or lose their shape. When not worn, dentures should be placed in a denture cleanser soaking solution or in water. However, if the denture has metal attachments, the attachments could tarnish if placed in a soaking solution. Your dentist can recommend the best methods for caring for your particular denture.
